Workshop 3: Falls in Older Adults: A Multifactorial Approach to Risk, and Prevention
Falls are the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries in adults aged 65 and older, accounting for over 80% of injury-related hospital admissions and nearly half of injury-related deaths. This presentation explores the multifactorial nature of fall risk among older adults, emphasising age-related sensory decline, biomechanical factors, and the psychological aftermath of falls. Drawing on current epidemiological data and biomechanical insights, we examine how impairments in vision, vestibular function, gait, and postural control increase vulnerability to falls, especially in domestic settings where most incidents occur.
Key balance strategies are discussed (ankle, hip, stepping, and reaching/grabbing), with a focus on how older adults often bypass more effective intermediate strategies, increasing their fall and injury risk. The presentation will also highlight how cautious walking patterns, diminished muscle strength, and inappropriate footwear contribute to instability.
Evidence-based interventions are presented, including strength training, tai chi, dance, and progressive balance training. Practical assessment tools like the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand and One-Leg Stand are evaluated for their predictive value and applicability in community settings. The presentation also outlines considerations for program design, emphasising specificity, simplicity, and psychological factors such as fear of falling.
This presentation provides a holistic view of falls in older adults and proposes strategies for prevention, rehabilitation, and maintenance of functional independence through targeted exercise and conditioning programs.
This session helps provide an understanding of the biomechanical, sensory, and psychological underpinnings of falls in older adults. By integrating current research with practical strategies, attendees will leave with tools to assess, prevent, and mitigate fall risk. The insights shared give attendees an understanding of evidence-based interventions that can enhance functional independence and improve quality of life for ageing populations.
Presenter: Dr Paul Winwood
Paul teaches on the Toi Ohomai Sport and Recreation courses and specialises in teaching biomechanics and exercise prescription. Paul has a passion for resistance training and research. He is an AUT Research Associate.
Paul competes in powerlifting, has a wide variety of research interests and is currently the world-leading primary author on the sport of strongman. He finished his PhD entitled Strongman Implement Training and Application in 2015.